Anhydrous cosmetic compositions

ABSTRACT

An anhydrous skin treatment composition is provided which includes a crosslinked siloxane elastomer gel of specific yield point, a skin conditioning agent and a volatile siloxane. Inclusions of the select elastomers provide improved uniform distribution of the pigments.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 60/217,040, filed Jul. 10, 2000.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The invention relates to anhydrous cosmetic compositionscomprising elastomeric silicones of specific particle size andviscosity.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Emollients including organic esters and hydrocarbons, especiallypetrolatum, have long been used medicinally as skin conditioning agents.These substances are second only to water as moisturizing ingredients ofchoice. They function primarily as an occlusive barrier. The watercontent of the outer layers of human skin stratum corneum is acontrolling factor in the appearance of dry skin symptoms. When thestratum corneum contains an adequate amount of water within the range often to twenty percent, the skin remains flexible. However, when thewater content falls below ten percent the stratum corneum often becomesbrittle and rough and can exhibit scaling and cracking.

[0004] The stratum corneum receives its water from the deep layers ofthe epidermis by diffusion or when it is brought into direct contactwith water. The diffusion process is controlled by the water content ofthe skin as well as the concentration gradient. In a very dryenvironment, the water loss from the external skin layers can besignificant and often exceeds the rate of replacement by diffusion. Anocclusive or semi-occlusive barrier substance placed on the surface ofthe skin acts to retard water loss to the environment. It also allowsthe skin surface to rehydrate via a diffusion mechanism.

[0005] While there are many effective and economical skin-conditioningagents, they nevertheless suffer from certain disadvantages.

[0006] Often the emollient types are delivered as water-in-oilemulsions. It is difficult to attain the critical formula balancebetween oil and water phases to an extent sufficient to ensure long-term storage stability. One part of this critical balance is theinternal phase volume. A critical volume must be obtained to maximizethe chemical and physical interactions that produce and stabilize thesystem. If this critical volume is not balanced properly the product maysuffer from viscosity change and eventual phase separation. Usually theoptimum volume is quite large which limits the external phase volumesize, and gives the system a draggy unfavorable slow break attribute.This critical internal phase volume restriction can reduce functionalityand add unfavorable feel characteristics.

[0007] Anhydrous systems avoid emulsion stability problems.Unfortunately other aesthetic issues arise with anhydrous systems. Notall oily phase materials are compatible at high concentration. Moreover,occlusive agents such as petrolatum are relatively greasy. They sufferthe disadvantage of transfer onto clothing and are not easily removedfrom the skin by washing with soap. Neither do they allow for adequatepenetration into the epidermis.

[0008] New systems are needed which avoid such problems as greasy feeland which address the “transfer” typically associated with anhydrousproducts.

[0009] Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is to providecosmetic compositions that are anhydrous yet provides improved skin-feelproperties.

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a skintreatment composition that has stability against phase separation evenunder freeze/thaw cycling.

[0011] Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide askin treatment composition which achieves a smooth non-draggy rub-inupon initial application to the skin and which is not easily removedfrom the skin with water.

[0012] These and other aspects of the present invention will become morereadily apparent from consideration of the following summary anddetailed description.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The present invention relates to anhydrous cosmetic compositionscomprising:

[0014] (i) at least one fatty or oil phase comprising:

[0015] (a) from about 0.1 to about 10% of non-spherical crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer having a particle size of from above 10 to about 200microns wherein the crosslinked siloxane elastomer is capable ofswelling and absorbing greater than 30% by weight of a solvent fluid;

[0016] (b) from about 10 to about 80% of a solvent for the crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer, wherein the solvent forms a gel with the crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer having yield point of at least 50 Pa;

[0017] (ii) from about 0.1% to about 10% of an emulsifier;

[0018] (iii) from about 0.1% to about 50% of a humectant;

[0019] (iv) optionally, from 0 to about 50% of skin conditioning agent;

[0020] (v) from about 0.1% to about 30% pigment; and

[0021] (vi) from 0 to about 5% water

[0022] wherein the composition has a yield point of from about 100,preferably from about 400, to about 4000, preferably to about 2000 Paand wherein the oil or fatty phase of the composition contains less than10% by weight solids or solid materials and further wherein the gelformed by the solvent and crosslinked siloxane elastomer provides aneven, uniform distribution of the pigments in the film and, prior tofilm drying, the pigments are embedded in the film. Preferably, thecompositions are opaque and preferably comprise a cosmetic base for thesilicone elastomer gel that is substantially free of silicone oil.

[0023] Also claimed herein are anhydrous cosmetic compositionscomprising:

[0024] (i) at least one fatty or oil phase comprising:

[0025] (a) from about 0.1 to about 10% of non-spherical crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer having a viscosity of from above 20,000 to about6,000,000 cps wherein the crosslinked siloxane elastomer is capable ofswelling and absorbing greater than 30% by weight of a solvent fluid;

[0026] (b) from about 10 to about 80% of a solvent for the crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer, wherein the solvent forms a gel with the crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer having yield point of at least 50 Pa;

[0027] (ii) from about 0.1% to about 10% of an emulsifier;

[0028] (iii) from about 0.1% to about 50% of a humectant;

[0029] (iv) optionally, from 0 to about 50% of skin conditioning agent;

[0030] (v) from about 0.1% to about 30% pigment; and

[0031] (vi) from 0 to about 5% water

[0032] wherein the composition has a yield point of from about 100,preferably from about 400, to about 4000, preferably to about 2000 Paand wherein the oil or fatty phase of the composition contains less than10% by weight solids or solid materials and further wherein the gelformed by the solvent and crosslinked siloxane elastomer provides aneven, uniform distribution of the pigments in the film and, prior tofilm drying, the pigments are embedded in the film such thatsubstantially no pigment resides on or protrudes through the surface ofthe film.

[0033] Also disclosed herein are cosmetic compositions comprising:

[0034] (i) from about 0.1% to about 15% of crosslinked siloxaneelastomer having an average particle size less than 20 microns;

[0035] (ii) from about 10 to about 80% of a solvent for the crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer;

[0036] (iii) optionally, from 0 to about 50% of skin conditioning agent;and

[0037] (iv) optionally, from above about 0 to about 95% of water

[0038] wherein the composition contains at least about 1% air.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0039] As used herein, the term “cosmetics” includes make-up,foundation, and skin care products. The term “make-up” refers toproducts that leave color on the face, including foundation, blacks andbrowns, i.e., mascara, concealers, eye liners, brow colors, eye shadows,blushers, lip colors, powders, solid emulsion compact, and so forth.“Skin care products” are those used to treat or care for, or somehowmoisturize, improve, or clean the skin. Products contemplated by thephrase “skin care products” include, but are not limited to, adhesives,bandages, toothpaste, anhydrous occlusive moisturizers, antiperspirants,deodorants, personal cleansing products, powder laundry detergent,fabric softener towels, occlusive drug delivery patches, nail polish,powders, tissues, wipes, hair conditioners-anhydrous, shaving creams,antiwrinkle or line-minimizing products and the like. The term“foundation” refers to liquid, creme, mousse, pancake, compact,concealer or like product created or reintroduced by cosmetic companiesto even out the overall coloring of the skin. Foundation is manufacturedto work better over moisturized and/or oiled skin. The compositions ofthe present invention also provide good make-up removal. As used herein,“excess moisture” means an undesirable and/ or unhealthy level of bodilyfluids deposited on human skin. The compositions of the presentinvention are especially useful in removal make-up compositions such asthat disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,019,962 to Rabe et al., which patentis herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0040] The term “ambient conditions” as used herein refers tosurrounding conditions under about one atmosphere of pressure, at about50% relative humidity, and at about 25° C., unless otherwise specified.

[0041] The term “yield point,” as used herein is non-directional andrefers to initial resistance to flow under applied stress; and ismeasured using Haake Controlled Stress Rheometer RS150 with a 35 mm/4deg. cone and plate.

[0042] The term “solids” or “solid material”, as used herein refers toelastomeric organopolysiloxane particles and spherical particles.

[0043] The term “opaque” refers to a composition that is impervious tovisible light. An opaque composition lacks any degree of transparency.

[0044] By the phrase “substantially free of silicone oil,” as it relatesto the cosmetic base of the present invention, means that the cosmeticbase, into which the silicone elastomer gel is incorporated, containsless than about 5% silicone oil, preferably less than 3% silicone oil,more preferably less than 1% silicone oil, optimally less than 0.1%silicone oil, by weight of the total composition or composition as awhole.

[0045] The phrase “cosmetic base” refers to a vehicle or cosmeticallyacceptable carrier for the components of the present invention.

[0046] The term “cosmetically acceptable carrier” refers to a vehicle,for cosmetic use, which vehicle delivers the components (together withany skin care actives) to the intended target and which will not causeharm to humans or other recipient organisms. As used herein, “cosmetic”will be understood to encompass both human and animal cosmetics.

[0047] As used herein the term “comprising” means that the compositioncan contain other ingredients which are compatible with the compositionand which preferably do not substantially disrupt the compositions ofthe present invention. The term encompasses the terms “consisting of”and “consisting essentially of”.

[0048] Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages and ratios usedherein are by weight of the total composition. All weight percentages,unless otherwise indicated, are on an actives weight basis. Allmeasurements made are at 25° C., unless otherwise designated.

[0049] Crosslinked Siloxane Elastomer

[0050] An essential component of the present invention is a crosslinkedorganopolysiloxane elastomer. No specific restriction exists as to thetype of curable organopolysiloxane composition that can serve as thestarting material for the crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer.Examples in this respect are addition reaction-curing organopolysiloxanecompositions which cure under platinum metal catalysis by the additionreaction between SiH-containing diorganopolysiloxane andorganopolysiloxane having silicon-bonded vinyl groups;condensation-curing organopolysiloxane compositions which cure in thepresence of an organotin compound by a dehydrogenation reaction betweenhydroxyl-terminated diorganopolysiloxane and SiH-containingdiorganopolysiloxane; condensation-curing organopolysiloxanecompositions which cure in the presence of an organotin compound or atitanate ester, by a condensation reaction between anhydroxyl-terminated diorganopolysiloxane and a hydrolyzable organosilane(this condensation reaction is exemplified by dehydration,alcohol-liberating, oxime-liberating, amine-liberating,amide-liberating, carboxyl-liberating, and ketone-liberating reactions);peroxide-curing organopolysiloxane compositions which thermally cure inthe presence of an organoperoxide catalyst; and organopolysiloxanecompositions which are cured by high-energy radiation, such as bygamma-rays, ultraviolet radiation, or electron beams.

[0051] Addition reaction-curing organopolysiloxane compositions arepreferred for their rapid curing rates and excellent uniformity ofcuring. A particularly preferred addition reaction-curingorganopolysiloxane composition is prepared from:

[0052] (A) an organopolysiloxane having at least 2 lower alkenyl groupsin each molecule;

[0053] (B) an organopolysiloxane having at least 2 silicon-bondedhydrogen atoms in each molecule; and

[0054] (C) a platinum-type catalyst.

[0055] With regard to the above, component (A) is the basic component ofthe silicone elastomer-generating organopolysiloxane, and curingproceeds by the addition reaction of this component with component (B)under catalysis by component (C). This component (A) must contain atleast 2 silicon-bonded lower alkenyl groups in each molecule; anexcellent cured product will not be obtained at fewer than two loweralkenyl groups because a network structure will not be formed. Saidlower alkenyl groups are exemplified by vinyl, allyl, and propenyl.While the lower alkenyl groups can be present at any position in themolecule, their presence at the molecular terminals is preferred. Themolecular structure of this component may be straight chain, branchedstraight chain, cyclic, or network, but a straight chain, possiblyslightly branched, is preferred. The molecular weight of the componentis not specifically restricted, and thus the viscosity may range fromlow viscosity liquids to very high viscosity gums. In order for thecured product to be obtained in the form of the rubbery elastomer, it ispreferred that the viscosity at 25° C. be at least 100 centistokes.These organopolysiloxanes are exemplified by methylvinylsiloxanes,methylvinylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymers,dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminated dimethylpolysiloxanes,dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminated dimethylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxanecopolymers, dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminateddimethylsiloxane-diphenylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymers,trimethylsiloxy-terminated dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxanecopolymers, trimethylsiloxy-terminateddimethylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymers,dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminated methyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)polysiloxanes, and dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminateddimethylsiloxane-methyl(3,3,-trifluoropropyl)siloxane copolymers.

[0056] Component (B) is an organopolysiloxane having at least 2silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in each molecule and is a crosslinker forcomponent (A). Curing proceeds by the addition reaction of thesilicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in this component with the lower alkenylgroups in component (A) under catalysis by component (C). This component(B) must contain at least 2 silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in eachmolecule in order to function as a crosslinker. Furthermore, the sum ofthe number of alkenyl groups in each molecule of component (A) and thenumber of silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in each molecule of component(B) is to be at least 5. Values below 5 should be avoided because anetwork structure is then essentially not formed.

[0057] No specific restriction exists on the molecular structure of thiscomponent, and it may be any of straight chain, branch-containingstraight chain, cyclic, etc. The molecular weight of this component isnot specifically restricted, but it is preferred that the viscosity at25° C. be 1 to 50,000 centistokes in order to obtain good miscibilitywith component (A). It is preferred that this component be added in aquantity such that the molar ratio between the total quantity ofsilicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in the instant component and the totalquantity of all lower alkenyl groups in component (A) falls within therange of 1.5:1 to 20:1. It is difficult to obtain good curing propertieswhen this molar ratio falls below 0.5:1. When 20:1 is exceeded, there isa tendency for the hardness to increase to high levels when the curedproduct is heated. Furthermore, when an organosiloxane containingsubstantial alkenyl is supplementarily added for the purpose of; forexample, reinforcement, it is preferred that a supplemental addition ofthe instant SiH-containing component be made in a quantity offsettingthese alkenyl groups. This component is concretely exemplified bytrimethylsiloxy-terminated methylhydrogenpolysiloxanes,trimethylsiloxy-terninated dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogensiloxanecopolymers, and dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogen-siloxane cycliccopolymers.

[0058] Component (C) is a catalyst of the addition reaction ofsilicon-bonded hydrogen atoms and alkenyl groups, and is concretelyexemplified by chloroplatinic acid, possibly dissolved in an alcohol orketone and this solution optionally aged, chloroplatinic acid-olefincomplexes, chloroplatinic acid-alkenylsiloxane complexes, chloroplatinicacid-diketone complexes, platinum black, and carrier-supported platinum.

[0059] This component is added preferably at 0.1 to 1,000 weight parts,and more preferably at 1 to 100 weight parts, as platinum-type metalproper per 1,000,000 weight parts of the total quantity of components(A) plus (B). Other organic groups which may be bonded to silicon in theorganopolysiloxane forming the basis for the above-described curableorganopolysiloxane compositions are, for example, alkyl groups such asmethyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and octyl; substituted alkyl groups suchas 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenylpropyl, and 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl; aryl groupssuch as phenyl, tolyl, and xylyl; substituted aryl groups such asphenylethyl; and monovalent hydrocarbon groups substituted by, forexample, the epoxy group, the carboxylate ester group, the mercaptogroup, etc.

[0060] Examples of the production of the organopolysiloxane elastomerpowder are as follows: an organopolysiloxane composition as describedabove (additional-curable, condensation-curable, or peroxide-curable) ismixed with water in the presence of a surfactant (nonionic, anionic,cationic, or amphoteric), and, after mixing to homogeneity in ahomomixer, colloid mill, homogenizer, propeller mixer, etc., this iscured by discharge into hot water (temperature at least 50° C.) and isthen dried; the organopolysiloxane composition (addition-curable,condensation-curable, or peroxide-curable) is cured by spraying itdirectly into a heated current; the powder is obtained by curing aradiation-curable organopolysiloxane composition by spraying it underhigh energy radiation; the organopolysiloxane composition(addition-curable, condensation-curable, peroxide-curable) or highenergy-curable organopolysiloxane composition is cured, the latter byhigh energy radiation, and the product is then pulverized using a knownpulverizer such as, for example, a ball mill, atomizer, kneader, rollmill, etc., to thereby form the powder. Suitable organopolysiloxaneelastomer powders include vinyl dimethicone/methicone silesquioxanecrosspolymers like Shin-Etsu's KSP-100, KSP-101, KSP-102, KSP-103,KSP-104, KSP-105, hybrid silicone powders that contain a fluoroalkylgroup like Shin-Etsu's KSP-200, and hybrid silicone powders that containa phenyl group such as Shin-Etsu's KSP-300; and Dow Corning's DC 9506.

[0061] Preferred organopolysiloxane compositions are dimethicone/vinyldimethicone crosspolymers. Such dimethicone/vinyl dimethiconecrosspolymers are supplied by a variety of suppliers including DowCorning (DC 9040 and DC 9041), General Electric (SFE 839), Shin Etsu(KSG-15, 16, 18 [dimethicone /phenyl vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer]),Grant Industries (Gransil™ line of materials), and lauryldimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymers supplied by Shin Etsu (e.g.,KSG-31, KSG-32, KSG-41, KSG-42, KSG-43, and KSG-44). Cross-linkedorganopolysiloxane elastomers useful in the present invention andprocesses for making them are further described in U.S. Pat. No.4,970,252 to Sakuta et al., issued Nov. 13, 1990; U.S. Pat. No.5,760,116 to Kilgour et al., issued Jun. 2, 1998; U.S. Pat. No.5,654,362 to Schulz, Jr. et al. issued Aug. 5, 1997; and Japanese PatentApplication JP 61-18708, assigned to Pola Kasei Kogyo KK, each of whichare herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. Siliconeelastomers of the type described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,412,004 (issued May2, 1995); 5,837,793 (issued Nov. 17, 1998); and 5,811,487 (issued Sep.22, 1998), all of which patents are herein incorporated by reference intheir entirety, are also useful herein. Preferably the elastomers of thepresent invention are cured under anhydrous conditions or in ananhydrous environment.

[0062] The cross-linked organopolysiloxane elastomers of the presentinvention are preferably further processed by subjecting them to a highshear (approximately 5,000 psi) treatment in the presence of a solventfor the siloxane elastomer via a Sonolator at less than 10 passes.Sonolation achieves a resultant composition with elastomer averageparticle size ranging from above 10 (or above about 10) microns to about200 microns, preferably from about 20 to about 150 microns, morepreferably from above 30 (or above about 30) to about 100 microns, mostpreferably from about 40 microns to about 95 microns, and, optimally,from above 50 microns to about 90 microns as measured by the HoribaLA-910 (described below). As used herein, the term “particle size” ofthe elastomer represents the elastomer particle size in its swelledstate. By “swelled,” as used herein, means that the elastomer particleshave extended beyond their normal size and shape by virtue of theirabsorption of the solvent compound. Viscosity is best when rangingbetween above 20,000 (or above about 20,000) and about 6,000,000,preferably from about 30,000 to about 4,000,000, more preferably fromabout 40,000 to about 3,000,000, most preferably from about 60,000 toabout 2,000,000, optimally about 70,000 to about 1,500,000 cps at 25° C.as measured by a Brookfield LV Viscometer (size 4 bar, 60 rpm, 0.3sec.).

[0063] Without being limited by theory, the present inventors believethat compositions incorporating elastomer/solvent gels where theelastomer has an average particle size greater than 10 microns (orgreater than about 10 microns) and/or viscosities greater than 20,000cps provide films having improved smoothness as well as improveduniformity and evenness of particle (e.g., pigments) distribution withinthe film (i.e., solid particles remain distributed within and throughoutthe film as opposed to such particles protruding from the film intoand/or across the film/air interface).

[0064] Preferably, the cross-linked organopolysiloxane elastomers do notundergo recycled processing. Without being limited by theory, recycledprocessing produces broad particle size distributions comprisingparticles larger or smaller than that necessary to achieve the skin feelbenefits of the present invention. Specifically, gel balls often resultfrom silicone elastomer particles larger than 200 microns whileelastomer particles smaller than 10 microns reduce skin feel andviscosity benefits. Such particle size distributions result from afailure to ensure that all of the elastomer particle materialsexperience the same shear throughout the process. Typically, withrecycling, only a portion of the particles experience shear before thesesheared particles are returned to the process starting point andcombined with the remaining un-sheared particles. Similarly, the nextcycle begins with only a portion of this particle mixture experiencingshear before the newly sheared mixture particles are returned to theprocess starting point and combined with the remaining un-shearedparticle mixture. Importantly, even after considerable recycling, someof the particles never actually experience shear while others experiencea high degree of shear. The result is a particle size range thatencompasses particles both larger and smaller than those necessary toachieve the present invention.

[0065] In contrast, discrete pass processing, as alluded to above,ensures that all the particles experience shear as well as the sameamount of shear with each run or pass. More specifically, no run or passis completed until all the particles have experienced the same shearforce. Consequently, the particle size distribution is narrower thanthat produced by “recycling” with respect to specific particle sizes.This results in a better balance between gel ball formation andviscosity as well as skin feel and viscosity.

[0066] Preferably the crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer isnon-emulsifying. The term “non-emulsifying,” as used herein, definescrosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer from which polyoxyalkyleneunits are absent.

[0067] Preferably the cross-linked siloxane elastomer is non-spherical.By the term “non-spherical” as used herein means that the siloxaneelastomer particles are not spherical, and preferably not spheroidal.Without being limited by theory, the present inventors believe thatspherical particles fail to provide the rheology and film propertiesnecessary to achieve the benefits of the present invention.Specifically, when forming the gel matrix or network, sphericalparticles do not swell to the extent and/or pack as tightly asnon-spherical particles.

[0068] Amounts of the elastomer may range from about 0.1 to about 10%,optimally from about 1 to about 8%, most preferably from about 3 toabout 6% by weight.

[0069] Solvent for the Crosslinked Siloxane Elastomer

[0070] The compositions of the present invention comprise a solvent forthe crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer described hereinbefore. Thesolvent, when combined with the cross-linked organopolysiloxaneelastomer particles, serves to suspend and swell the elastomer particlesto provide an elastic, gel-like network or matrix. The solvent for thecross-linked siloxane elastomer is liquid under ambient conditions, andpreferably has a low viscosity to provide for improved spreading on theskin.

[0071] Concentrations of the solvent in the cosmetic compositions of thepresent invention will vary primarily with the type and amount ofsolvent and the cross-linked siloxane elastomer employed. Preferredconcentrations of the solvent are from about 10% to about 90%,preferably from about 20% to about 80%, more preferably from about 30%to about 70%, by weight of the composition.

[0072] The solvent for the cross-linked siloxane elastomer comprises oneor more liquid carriers suitable for topical application to human skin.These liquid carriers may be organic, silicone-containing orfluorine-containing, volatile or non-volatile, polar or non-polar,provided that the liquid carrier forms a solution or other homogenousliquid or liquid dispersion with the selected cross-linked siloxaneelastomer at the selected siloxane elastomer concentration at atemperature of from about 28° C. to about 250° C., preferably from about28° C. to about 100° C. preferably from about 28° C. to about 78° C. Thesolvent for the cross-linked siloxane elastomer preferably has asolubility parameter of from about 3 to about 13 (cal/cm³)^(0.5), morepreferably from about 5 to about 11 (cal/cm³ )^(0.5), most preferablyfrom about 5 to about 9 (cal/cm³)^(0.5). Solubility parameters for theliquid carriers or other materials, and means for determining suchparameters, are well known in the chemical arts. A description ofsolubility parameters and means for determining them are described by C.D. Vaughan, “Solubility Effects in Product, Package, Penetration andPreservation” 103 Cosmetics and Toiletries 47-69, October 1988; and C.D. Vaughan, “Using Solubility Parameters in Cosmetics Formulation”, 36J. Soc. Cosmetic Chemists 319-333, September/October, 1988, whicharticles are incorporated herein by reference.

[0073] The solvent preferably includes volatile, non-polar oils;non-volatile, relatively polar oils; non-volatile, non-polar oils; andnon-volatile paraffinic hydrocarbon oils; each discussed more fullyhereinafter. The term “non-volatile” as used herein refers to materialswhich exhibit a vapor pressure of no more than about 0.2 mm Hg at 25° C.at one atmosphere and/or to materials which have a boiling point at oneatmosphere of at least about 300° C. The term “volatile” as used hereinrefers to all materials that are not “non-volatile” as previouslydefined herein. The phrase “relatively polar” as used herein means morepolar than another material in terms of solubility parameter; i.e., thehigher the solubility parameter the more polar the liquid. The term“non-polar” typically means that the material has a solubility parameterbelow about 6.5 (cal/cm³ )^(0.5).

[0074] 1. Non-polar, Volatile Oils

[0075] The non-polar, volatile oil tends to impart highly desirableaesthetic properties to the compositions of the present invention.Consequently, the non-polar, volatile oils are preferably utilized at afairly high level. Non-polar, volatile oils particularly useful in thepresent invention are selected from the group consisting of siliconeoils; hydrocarbons; and mixtures thereof. Such non-polar, volatile oilsare disclosed, for example, in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol.1, 27-104 edited by Balsam and Sagarin, 1972. The non-polar, volatileoils useful in the present invention may be either saturated orunsaturated, have an aliphatic character and be straight or branchedchained or contain alicyclic or aromatic rings. Examples of preferrednon-polar, volatile hydrocarbons include polydecanes such as isododecaneand isodecane (e.g., Permethyl-99A which is available from PresperseInc.) and the C7-C8 through C12-C15 isoparaffins (such as the IsoparSeries available from Exxon Chemicals). Non-polar, volatile liquidsilicone oils are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,781,917 issued to Luebbeet al. on Nov. 1, 1988, herein incorporated by reference in itsentirety. Additionally, a description of various volatile siliconesmaterials is found in Todd et al., “Volatile Silicone Fluids forCosmetics”, Cosmetics and Toiletries, 91:27-32 (1976), hereinincorporated by reference in its entirety. Particularly preferredvolatile silicone oils are selected from the group consisting of cyclicvolatile silicones corresponding to the formula:

[0076] wherein n is from about 3 to about 7; and linear volatilesilicones corresponding to the formula:

(CH₃)₃Si—O—[Si(CH₃)₂—O]_(m)—Si(CH₃)₃

[0077] wherein m is from about 1 to about 7. Linear volatile siliconesgenerally have a viscosity of less than about 5 centistokes at 25° C.,whereas the cyclic silicones have viscosities of less than about 10centistokes at 25° C. Highly preferred examples of volatile siliconeoils include cyclomethicones of varying viscosities, e.g., Dow Coming200, Dow Corning 244, Dow Corning 245, Dow Corning 344, and Dow Corning345, (commercially available from Dow Coming Corp.); SF-1204 and SF-1202Silicone Fluids (commercially available from G. E. Silicones), GE 7207and 7158 (commercially available from General Electric Co.); andSWS-03314 (commercially available from SWS Silicones Corp.).

[0078] 2. Relatively Polar, Non-volatile oils

[0079] The non-volatile oil is “relatively polar” as compared to thenon-polar, volatile oil discussed above. Therefore, the non-volatileco-solvent is more polar (i.e., has a higher solubility parameter) thanat least one of the non-polar, volatile oils. Relatively polar,non-volatile oils potentially useful in the present invention aredisclosed, for example, in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol. 1,27-104 edited by Balsam and Sagarin, 1972; U.S. Patents 4,202,879 issuedto Shelton on May 13, 1980; and 4,816,261 issued to Luebbe et al. onMar. 28, 1989, all of which are herein incorporated by reference intheir entirety. Relatively polar, non-volatile oils useful in thepresent invention are preferably selected from the group consisting ofsilicone oils; hydrocarbon oils; fatty alcohols; fatty acids; esters ofmono and dibasic carboxylic acids with mono and polyhydric alcohols;polyoxyethylenes; polyoxypropylenes; mixtures of polyoxyethylene andpolyoxypropylene ethers of fatty alcohols; and mixtures thereof. Therelatively polar, non-volatile co-solvents useful in the presentinvention may be either saturated or unsaturated, have an aliphaticcharacter and be straight or branched chained or contain alicyclic oraromatic rings. More preferably, the relatively polar, non-volatileliquid co-solvent are selected from the group consisting of fattyalcohols having from about 12-26 carbon atoms; fatty acids having fromabout 12-26 carbon atoms; esters of monobasic carboxylic acids andalcohols having from about 14-30 carbon atoms; esters of dibasiccarboxylic acids and alcohols having from about 10-30 carbon atoms;esters of polyhydric alcohols and carboxylic acids having from about5-26 carbon atoms; ethoxylated, propoxylated, and mixtures ofethoxylated and propoxylated ethers of fatty alcohols with from about12-26 carbon atoms and a degree of ethoxylation and propoxylation ofbelow about 50; and mixtures thereof. More preferred are propoxylatedethers of C14-C18 fatty alcohols having a degree of propoxylation belowabout 50, esters of C2-C8 alcohols and C12-C26 carboxylic acids (e.g.ethyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate), esters of C12-C26 alcohols andbenzoic acid (e.g. Finsolv TN supplied by Finetex), diesters of C2-C8alcohols and adipic, sebacic, and phthalic acids (e.g., diisopropylsebacate, diisopropyl adipate, di-n-butyl phthalate), polyhydric alcoholesters of C6-C26 carboxylic acids (e.g., propylene glycoldicaprate/dicaprylate, propylene glycol isostearate); and mixturesthereof. Even more preferred are branched-chain aliphatic fatty alcoholshaving from about 12-26 carbon atoms. Even more preferred are isocetylalcohol, octyldecanol, octyldodecanol and undecylpentadecanol; and mostpreferred is octyldodecanol. Such preferred aliphatic fatty alcohols areparticularly useful in combination with the volatile liquid siliconeoils discussed herein to adjust the average solubility of the solvent.

[0080] 3. Non-polar, Non-volatile oils

[0081] In addition to the liquids discussed above, the solvent for thecross-linked siloxane elastomer may optionally include non-volatile,non-polar oils. Typical non-volatile, non-polar emollients aredisclosed, for example, in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol. 1,27-104 edited by Balsam and Sagarin, 1972; U.S. Pat, Nos. 4,202,879issued to Shelton on May 13, 1980; and 4,816,261 issued to Luebbe et al.on Mar. 28, 1989, both of which are herein incorporated by reference.The non-volatile oils useful in the present invention are essentiallynon-volatile polysiloxanes, paraffinic hydrocarbon oils, and mixturesthereof. The polysiloxanes useful in the present invention selected fromthe group consisting of polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylsiloxanes,polyalkylarylsiloxanes, poly-ethersiloxane copolymers, and mixturesthereof. Examples of these include polydimethyl siloxanes havingviscosities of from about 1 to about 100,000 centistokes at 25° C. Amongthe preferred non-volatile silicone emollients useful in the presentcompositions are the polydimethyl siloxanes having viscosities fromabout 2 to about 400 centistokes at 25° C. Such polyalkylsiloxanesinclude the Viscasil series (sold by General Electric Company) and theDow Corning 200 series (sold by Dow Corning Corp.).Polyalkylarylsiloxanes include polymethylphenyl siloxanes havingviscosities of from about 15 to about 65 centistokes at 25° C. These areavailable, for example, as SF 1075 methyl-phenyl fluid (sold by GeneralElectric Company) and 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid (sold by Dow CorningCorp.). Useful polyethersiloxane copolymers include, for example, apolyoxyalkylene ether copolymer having a viscosity of about 1200 to 1500centistokes at 25° C. Such a fluid is available as SF1066 organosiliconesurfactant (sold by General Electric Company). Polysiloxane ethyleneglycol ether copolymers are preferred copolymers for use in the presentcompositions.

[0082] Non-volatile paraffinic hydrocarbon oils useful in the presentinvention include mineral oils and certain branched-chain hydrocarbons.Examples of these fluids are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,019,375 issuedto Tanner et al. on May 28, 1991, herein incorporated by reference inits entirety. Preferred mineral oils have the following properties:

[0083] (1) viscosity from about 5 centistokes to about 70 centistokes at40° C.;

[0084] (2) density between about 0.82 and 0.89 g/cm3 at 25° C.;

[0085] (3) flash point between about 138° C. and about 216° C.; and

[0086] (4) carbon chain length between about 14 and about 40 carbonatoms.

[0087] Preferred branched chain hydrocarbon oils have the followingproperties:

[0088] (1) density between about 0.79 and about 0.89 g/cm3 at 20° C.

[0089] (2) boiling point greater than about 250° C.; and

[0090] (3) flash point between about 110° C. and about 200° C.

[0091] Particularly preferred branched-chain hydrocarbons includePermethyl 103 A, which contains an average of about 24 carbon atoms;Permethyl 104A, which contains an average of about 68 carbon atoms;Permethyl 102A, which contains an average of about 20 carbon atoms; allof which may be purchased from Permethyl Corporation; and Ethylflo 364which contains a mixture of 30 carbon atoms and 40 carbon atoms and maybe purchased from Ethyl Corp.

[0092] When used herein, volatile or non-volatile hydrocarbon oils arepreferably present at concentrations less than 30%, more preferably,from about 1% to about 25%, most preferably from about 1% to about 15%.

[0093] Additional solvents useful herein are described in U.S. Pat. No.5,750,096 to Gerald J. Guskey et al., issued May 12, 1998, hereinincorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0094] Humectants

[0095] The compositions of the present invention also comprisehumectants. Humectants are polyhydric alcohols intended formoisturizing, reducing scaling and stimulating removal of built-up scalefrom the skin. Typical polyhydric alcohols include polyalkylene glycolsand more preferably alkylene polyols and their derivatives. Illustrativeare propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol,polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol,1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerin,propoxylated glycerin and mixtures thereof. Most preferably thehumectant is glycerin. When present, amounts of humectant may rangeanywhere from 0.1 to 50%, preferably 5 to 45%, more preferably from 10to 40%, most preferably from about 15% to about 40%, optimally from 25%to 35% by weight.

[0096] Emulsifiers

[0097] Emulsifiers or surfactants are also essential to the compositionsof the present invention to aid in dispersion of solid particles (e.g.,pigments). Without being limited by theory, emulsifiers help to rendersuch solid particles hydrophobic and, hence, compatible with thesilicone gel matrix of the present invention. These emulsifiers may benonionic, anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic or cationic. Suitableemulsifiers are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,755,560,issued Aug. 28, 1973, Dickert et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,769, issuedDec. 20, 1983, Dixon et al.; and McCutcheon's Detergents andEmulsifiers, North American Edition, pages 317-324 (1986), eachincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Illustrative nonionicsurfactants are alkoxylated compounds based on C10-C22 fatty alcoholsand acids, and sorbitan. These materials are available, for instance,from the Shell Chemical Company under the Neodol trademark, Copolymersof polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene, sold by the BASF Corporation underthe Pluronic trademark, are sometimes also useful. Alkyl polyglycosidesavailable from the Henkel Corporation may also be utilized for purposesof this invention. Anionic type emulsifiers or surfactants include fattyacid soaps, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium lauryl ether sulphate, alkylbenzene sulphonate, mono- and di-alkyl acid phosphates and sodium fattyacyl isethionate. Amphoteric emulsifiers or surfactants include suchmaterials as dialkylamine oxide and various types of betaines (such ascocamidopiopyl betaine).

[0098] Preferred for use herein are polyoxyalkylene copolymers alsoknown as silicone polyethers. Polymers are described in detail in U.S.Pat. No. 4,268,499, which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety. A particularly preferred polyoxyalkylene copolymer is known byits CTFA designation as dimethicones copolyol. A particularly preferredform of dimethicone copolyol is that supplied by Dow Corning as DC5225C.

[0099] The overall concentration of the emulsifier can be from 0.1% toabout 10% of the formulation, preferably from 0.1% to about 5% and mostpreferably from about 0.1% to about 2%, by weight of the composition.Examples of suitable emulsifiers can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,085,856to Dunphy et al.; Japanese Patent Publication Sho 61-83110; EuropeanPatent Application EP 522624 to Dunphy et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,688,831to El-Nokaly et al.; and Examples of suitable moistures can be found inCosmetic Bench Reference, pp. 1.22, 1.24-1.26 (1996), all of which areherein incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0100] Pigments

[0101] The cosmetics of the present invention also contain pigmentparticles. As used herein, the term “pigment” means a solid thatreflects light of certain wavelengths while absorbing light of otherwavelengths, without providing appreciable luminescence. Useful pigmentsinclude, but are not limited, to those which are extended onto inertmineral(s) (e.g., talk, calcium carbonate, clay) or treated withsilicone or other coatings (e.g., to prevent pigment particles fromre-agglomerating or to change the polarity (hydrophobicity) of thepigment.

[0102] Pigments are used to impart opacity and color to the cosmeticcompositions herein. Any pigment that is generally recognized as safe(such as those listed in C.T.F.A. cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, 3^(rd)Ed., cosmetic and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C. (1982),herein incorporated by reference) can be employed in the compositionsherein. Useful pigments include body pigment, inorganic white pigment,inorganic colored pigment, pearling agent, and the like. Specificexamples are talc, mica, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate,magnesium silicate, aluminum magnesium silicate, silica, titaniumdioxide, zinc oxide, red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, black ironoxide, ultramarine, polyethylene powder, methacrylate powder,polystyrene powder, silk powder, crystalline cellulose, starch,titanated mica, iron oxide titanated mica, bismuth oxychloride, and thelike. These pigments and powders can be used independently or incombination. Titanium dioxide, iron oxides and mixtures thereof areespecially preferred pigments for use herein.

[0103] Additional pigment/powder fillers include, but are not limitedto, inorganic powders such as gums, chalk, Fuller's earth, kaolin,sericite, muscovite, phlogopite, synthetic mica, lepidolite, biotite,lithia mica, vermiculite, aluminum silicate, starch, smectite clays,alkyl and/or trialkyl aryl ammonium smectites, chemically modifiedmagnesium aluminum silicate, organically modified montmorillonite clay,hydrated aluminum silicate, fumed aluminum starch octenyl succinatebarium silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, strontiumsilicate, metal tungstate, magnesium, silica alumina, zeolite, bariumsulfate, calcined calcium sulfate (calcined gypsum), calcium phosphate,fluorine apatite, hydroxyapatite, ceramic powder, metallic soap (zincstearate, magnesium stearate, zinc myristate, calcium palmitate, andaluminum stearate), colloidal silicone dioxide, and boron nitride;organic powder such as polyamide resin powder (nylon powder),cyclodextrin, methyl polymethacrylate powder, copolymer powder ofstyrene and acrylic acid, benzoguanamine resin powder, poly(ethylenetetrafluoride) powder, and carboxyvinyl polymer, cellulose powder suchas hydroxyethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyleneglycol monostearate; inorganic white pigments such as magnesium oxide.Other useful powders are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,688,831, toEl-Nokaly et al., issued Nov. 18, 1997, herein incorporated by referencein its entirety. These pigments and powders can be used independently orin combination.

[0104] Also useful herein are pigment and/or dye encapsulates suchnanocolorants from BASF and multi-layer interference pigments such asSicopearls from BASF.

[0105] It is preferred that the pigments/powders are surface treated toprovide added stability of color and ease of formulation.Hydrophobically treated pigments are more preferred, because they may bemore easily dispersed in the solvent/oil phase. In addition, it may beuseful to treat the pigments with a material that is compatible with asilicone phase. Particularly useful hydrophobic pigment treatments foruse in water-in-silicone emulsions include polysiloxane treatments suchas those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,143,722, incorporated herein byreference in its entirety. Also preferred are pigment/powders having aprimary average particle size of from about 5 nm to about 100,000 nm,more preferably from about 50nm to about 5,000nm, most preferably fromabout 100 nm to about 1000 nm. Mixtures of the same or differentpigment/powder having different particle sizes are also useful herein(e.g., incorporating a TiO2 having a primary particle size of from about100 nm to about 400 nm with a TiO2 having a primary particle size offrom about 10 nm to about 50 nm).

[0106] Dispersants may also be used in conjunction with the colors andpigments of the present invention. Examples of suitable dispersantsinclude, but are not limited to, those described in U.S. Pat. No.5,688,493, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0107] Preferably, the pigments are embedded in the film such thatsubstantially no pigment resides on or protrudes through the surface ofthe film. By “substantially no pigment”, as used herein means less than30%, more preferably less than 20%, most preferably less than 10%,optimally less than 5% pigment resides on or protrudes through thesurface of the film.

[0108] The present invention contains from about 0.1% to about 30%,preferably from about 1% to about 20%, more preferably from about 2% toabout 15% and most preferably from about 5% to about 15%, by weight, ofthe pigment.

OPTIONAL INGREDIENTS

[0109] Shine Control Agents

[0110] Cosmetic products that improve and/or regulate the condition ofthe shiny appearance of skin are increasingly popular with consumers andare referred to herein as “shine control agents”. Shine control agentsmay be included in the compositions of the present invention.

[0111] A frequent, undesirable condition is “oily skin”, which resultsfrom the excessive amount of sebum and sweat that is excreted onto theskin. Sebum is an oily mixture, composed principally of squalene,triglycerides, fatty acids and wax esters. Sebum is produced in thesebaceous glands of the skin. Oily skin is associated with a shiny,undesirable appearance and disagreeable tactile sensation. Sweat ispredominantly water with trace quantities of dissolved inorganic saltssuch as Sodium Chloride and Potassium Chloride.

[0112] Typically, shine control agents are porous in nature. Theseagents, when applied to the skin provide a reservoir to absorb excessmoisture into the pores, hence reducing the visible quantity of moistureon the skin.

[0113] Without being limited by theory, it is believed that it ispreferable to combine the use of effective porous, absorbent materialswith non-absorbing spherical materials. The latter emphasizes the effectof diffuse reflection over problematic specular reflection, causing anoptical modification to the skin and hence a reduction in the shinyappearance of the skin. The combination of shine control agents andnon-absorbing spherical particles is preferable because it allowsdevelopment of a product with optimum shine control as well as providinga product with the best tactile sensory performance.

[0114] Suitable shine control agents include, but are not limited to,silicas, magnesium aluminum silicates, talc, sericite and variousorganic copolymers. Particularly effective shine control agents includesilicates or carbonates that are formed by reaction of a carbonate orsilicate with the alkali (IA) metals, alkaline earth (IIA) metals, ortransition metals, and silicas (silicon dioxide). Preferred shinecontrol agents are selected from the group consisting of calciumsilicates, amorphous silicas, calcium carbonates, magnesium carbonates,zinc carbonates, and combinations thereof. Some specific examples of thesilicates and carbonates useful in this present invention are more fullyexplained in Van Nostrand Reinhold's Encyclopedia of Chemistry,4^(th)Ed. pp155, 169, 556, and 849 (1984).

[0115] Synthetic versions of the shine control agents, particularlysilicates, are preferred. Suitable synthetic carbonates are commerciallyavailable from Mallinckrodt or Whittaker, Clarke & Daniels. Examples ofsynthetic silicates useful in the present invention are Hubersorb 250®or Hubersorb 600®, available from JM Huber.

[0116] Shine control agents that primarily comprise silicas arepreferred over those materials comprising mainly silicates and/orcarbonates when used for moisture and shine control. Most preferredsilicas are in the form of microspheres and/or ellipsoids, as they havebeen found to contribute good skin feel characteristics in addition toefficient moisture absorption. Silica ellipsoids useful in the presentinvention are available from DuPont as ZELEC Sil and Kobo as SilicaShells. Silica microspheres are available from Kobo as MSS-500,MSS500/3, MSS-500H, MSS500/3N, MSS-SOON and MSS 500/3N; Presperse asSpheron L1500, Spheron P1500. Fumed versions of silica can also be usedwith Aerosil from Degussa and Cab-O-Sil from Cabot both beingparticularly useful.

[0117] Amongst the silicate series, magnesium aluminum silicates areuseful, in particular Sebumase, available from Miyoshi Kasei.

[0118] When silicas, particularly silica ellipsoids and silicamicrospheres are intended to be the main means for moisture absorption,it is preferred that the absorbent powder comprise from about 1% toabout 40%; more preferably from about 1% to about 25%, and mostpreferably from about 2% to about 10%, by weight of the composition, ofsilicas.

[0119] Starch-based materials may also be used as shine control agents.Useful examples are Natrosorb W and Natrosorb HFW, DryFlo plus andDryFlo AF pure from National Starch and Chemical Company.

[0120] Also found to be useful are methacrylate-based polymericmaterials. They can be used either in conjunction with a dimethiconecopolymer or as methacrylate-based copolymers. Specifically, usefulexamples are: Microsponge 5640 w. Glycerin, Polytrap 6603 available fromEnhanced Derm technologies; DSPCS-12 series and SPCAT-12 from Kobo;Poly-Pore 200 series from Amcol.

[0121] Optionally, yet preferably, the compositions of the presentinvention contain spherical particles having an average particle sizediameter of 10 or greater, preferably greater than 15, more preferablygreater than 20 microns. The particle diameter is understood to be thatof elementary or primary particles.

[0122] Preferred spherical particles include, but are not limited, topolymeric particles chosen from the methylsilsesquioxane resinmicrospheres such as for example those sold by Toshiba silicone underthe name Tospearl 145A; microspheres of polymethylmethacrylates such asthose sold by Seppic under the name Micropearl M 100; the sphericalparticles of crosslinked polydimethylsiloxanes, especially such as thosesold by Dow Corning Toray Silicone under the name Trefil E 506C orTrefil E 505C, sphericle particles of polyamide and more specificallyNylon 12, especially such as those sold by Atochem under the nameOrgasol 2002D Nat C05, polystyerene microspheres such as for examplethose sold by Dyno Particles under the name Dynospheres, ethyleneacrylate copolymer sold by Kobo under the name FloBead EA209 andmixtures thereof. Also found to be useful is Ronasphere LDP from KoboInc.

[0123] Preferably the spherical particles are present at a concentrationof from about 0% to about 40%, more preferably from about 5% to about35%, most preferably from about 8% to about 30%.

[0124] Film Forming Agents

[0125] Film forming agents may be optionally included in thecompositions of the present invention to aid film substantivity andadhesion to the skin. Improving the long wear and non-transferperformance of the present compositions is quite desirable.Water-soluble, water insoluble, and water dispersible film formingagents can be used in the internal and external phases of the presentcompositions to give the desired end benefit.

[0126] Preferably, the compositions comprise from about 0% to about 20%,more preferably, from about 0.1% to about 10%, and most preferably, fromabout 0.1% to about 5%, by weight of the composition, of thefilm-forming agent.

[0127] Suitable film forming agents include:

[0128] 1) organic silicone resins, fluorinated silicone resins,copolymers of organic silicone resins, e.g., trimethylsiloxysilicatefrom GE (SR1000), GE's copolymers of silicone resins, e.g., SF1318(silicone resin and an organic ester of isostearic acid copolymer) andCF1301 (silicone resin and alpha methyl styrene copolymer), DowCorning's pressure sensitive adhesives —copolymers of silicone resinsand various PDMS's (BIO-PSA series); and

[0129] 2) acrylic and methacrylic polymers and resins, silicone-acrylatetype copolymers and fluorinated versions of, including—silicones pluspolymer SA70 from 3M, KP545 from Shin-Etsu, alkyl-acrylate copolymers,e.g., KP 561 and 562 from Shin-Etsu;

[0130] 3) decene/butene copolymer from Collaborative Labs;

[0131] 4) polyvinyl based materials, e.g., PVP, PVP/VA, includingAntaron/Ganex from ISP (PVP/Triacontene copolymer), Luviskol materialsfrom BASF;

[0132] 5) polyurethanes, e.g., the Polyderm series from Alzo includingbut not limited to Polyderm PE/PA, Polyderm PPI-SI-WS, Polyderm PPI-GH,Luviset P.U.R. from BASF;

[0133] 6) polyquaternium materials, e.g., Luviquat series from BASF

[0134] 7) acrylates copolymers and acrylates/acrylamide copolymers,e.g., Luvimer and Ultrahold series, both available from BASF;

[0135] 8) styrene based materials; and

[0136] 9) chitosan and chitosan based materials including cellulose andcellulose-based materials.

[0137] Such film formers are disclosed for example in the InternationalCosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, Seventh Edition, Vol 2,1636-1638.

[0138] Skin Conditioning Agent

[0139] Optionally, the compositions of the present invention can furthercomprise a skin-conditioning agent. These agents may be selected fromexfoliants, emollients or mixtures thereof.

[0140] Exfoliants according to the present invention may be selectedfrom C2-C30 alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids, beta-hydroxycarboxylic acidsand salts of these acids. Most preferred are glycolic, lactic andsalicylic acids and their ammonium salts. Amounts of the exfoliants mayrange from 1 to 15%, preferably from 2 to 10% by weight.

[0141] A wide variety of C2-C30 alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids may beemployed. Suitable examples of which include:

[0142] alpha-hydroxyethanoic acid

[0143] alpha-hydroxypropanoic acid

[0144] alpha-hydroxyhexanoic acid

[0145] alpha-hydroxyoctanoic acid

[0146] alpha-hydroxydecanoic acid

[0147] alpha-hydroxydodecanoic acid

[0148] alpha-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

[0149] alpha-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

[0150] alpha-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

[0151] alpha-hydroxyeicosanoic acid

[0152] alpha-hydroxydocosanoic acid

[0153] alpha-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid, and

[0154] alpha-hydroxyoctacosanoic acid

[0155] When the conditioning agent is an emollient it may be selectedfrom hydrocarbons, fatty acids, fatty alcohols and esters. Isononylisononanoate is the most preferred hydrocarbon type of emollientconditioning agent. Other hydrocarbons that may be employed includemineral oil, polyolefins such as polydecene, and paraffins such asisohexadecane (e.g. Permethyl 99 Registered TM and Permethyl 101Registered TM). Preferably, the compositions of the present inventionare substantially free of semi-solid hydrocarbons such as petrolatum,lanolin and lanolin derivatives, sterols (e.g., ethoxylated soyasterols), high molecular weight polybutenes and cocoa butter. By“substantially free,” as used herein, means that the concentration ofthe semi-solid hydrocarbons are preferably less than 10%, morepreferably less than 5% most preferably less than 2% and even morepreferably 0. Without being limited by theory, such semi-solidhydrocarbons tend to mask the sensory benefits of the siloxane elastomercompositions such as the non-greasy, light feel of the presentinvention.

[0156] Fatty acids and alcohols will have from 10 to 30 carbon atoms.Illustrative of this category are pelargonic, lauric, myristic,palmitic, stearic, isostearic, hydroxystearic, oleic, linoleic,ricinoleic, arachidic, behenic and erucic acids and alcohols.

[0157] Oily ester emollients may be those selected from one or more ofthe following classes:

[0158] 1, Triglyceride esters such as vegetable and animal fats andoils. Examples include castor oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, cornoil, olive oil, cod liver oil, almond oil, avocado oil, palm oil, sesameoil, squalene, Kikui oil and soybean oil.

[0159] 2. Acetoglyceride esters, such as acetylated monoglycerides.

[0160] 3. Ethoxylated glycerides, such as ethoxylated glycerylmonostearate.

[0161] 4. Alkyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms.Methyl, isopropyl, and butyl esters of fatty acids are useful herein.Examples include hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, isohexyl palmitate,isopropyl palmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecyl stearate,decyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, diisopropyl adipate, diisohexyladipate, dihexyldecyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, lauryl lactate,myristyl lactate, and cetyl lactate.

[0162] 5. Alkenyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms.Examples thereof include oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate, and oleyloleate.

[0163] 6. Ether-esters such as fatty acid esters of ethoxylated fattyalcohols.

[0164] 7. Polyhydric alcohol esters. Ethylene glycol mono and di-fattyacid esters, diethylene glycol mono-and di-fatty acid esters,polyethylene glycol (200-6000) mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propyleneglycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol 2000monooleate, polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylatedpropylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters,polyglycerol polyfatty esters, ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate,1,2-butylene glycol monostearate, 1,2-butylene glycol distearate,polyoxyethylene polyol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid esters, andpolyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters are satisfactory polyhydricalcohol esters.

[0165] 8. Wax esters such as beeswax, spermaceti, myristyl myristate,stearyl stearate.

[0166] 9. C1-C30 mono- and poly- esters of sugars and related materials.These esters are derived from a sugar or polyol moiety and one or morecarboxylic acid moieties. Depending on the constituent acid and sugar,these esters can be in either liquid or solid form at room temperature.Examples of liquid esters include: glucose tetraoleate, the glucosetetraesters of soybean oil fatty acids (unsaturated), the mannosetetraesters of mixed soybean oil fatty acids, the galactose tetraestersof oleic acid, the arabinose tetraesters of linoleic acid, xylosetetralinoleate, galactose pentaoleate, sorbitol tetraoleate, thesorbitol hexaesters of unsaturated soybean oil fatty acids, xylitolpentaoleate, sucrose tetraoleate, sucrose pentaoletate, sucrosehexaoleate, sucrose hepatoleate, sucrose octaoleate, and mixturesthereof. Examples of solid esters include: sorbitol hexaester in whichthe carboxylic acid ester moieties are palmitoleate and arachidate in a1:2 molar ratio; the octaester of raffinose in which the carboxylic acidester moieties are linoleate and behenate in a 1:3 molar ratio; theheptaester of maltose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moietiesare sunflower seed oil fatty acids and lignocerate in a 3:4 molar ratio;the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acidmoieties are oleate and behenate in a 1:3 molar ratio; and the octaesterof sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are laurate,linoleate and behenate in a 1:3:4 molar ratio. A preferred solidmaterial is sucrose polyester in which the degree of esterification is7-8, and in which the fatty acid moieties are C18 mono- and/ordi-unsaturated and behenic, in a molar ratio of unsaturates: behenic of1:7 to 3:5. A particularly preferred solid sugar polyester is theoctaester of sucrose in which there are about 7 behenic fatty acidmoieties and about I oleic acid moiety in the molecule. Other materialsinclude cottonseed oil or soybean oil fatty acid esters of sucrose. Theester materials are further described in, U.S. Pat. No. 2,831,854, U.S.Pat. No. 4,005,196, to Jandacek, issued Jan. 25, 1977; U.S. Pat. No.4,005,195, to Jandacek, issued Jan. 25, 1977, U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,516,to Letton et al., issued Apr. 26, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,515, toLetton et al., issued Apr. 26, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 5,305,514, to Lettonet al., issued Apr. 26, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 4,797,300, to Jandacek etal., issued Jan. 10, 1989; U.S. Pat. No. 3,963,699, to Rizzi et al,issued Jun. 15, 1976; U.S. Pat. No. 4,518,772, to Volpenhein, issued May21, 1985; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,517,360, to Volpenhein, issued May 21,1985.

[0167] Amounts of the skin-conditioning agent may range from about 0% to30%, preferably from about 1% to about 20%, optimally from about 1% to10% by weight.

[0168] Solidifying Agent

[0169] The cosmetic compositions of this invention can contain one ormore materials, herein singly or collectively referred to as a“solidifying agent”, that are effective to solidify the particularliquid base materials to be used in a cosmetic composition. (As usedherein, the term “solidify” refers to the physical and/or chemicalalteration of the liquid base material so as to form a solid orsemi-solid at ambient conditions, i.e., to form a final composition thathas a stable physical structure and is deposited on the skin duringnormal use conditions.) As is appreciated by those skilled in the art,the selection of the particular solidifying agent for use in thecosmetic compositions will depend upon the particular type ofcomposition desired, i.e., gel or wax-based, the desired rheology, theliquid base material used and the other materials to be used in thecomposition. The solidifying agent is preferably present at aconcentration of from about 0 to about 90%, more preferably from about 1to about 50%, even more preferably from about 5% to about 40%, mostpreferably from about 1% to about 15%.

[0170] Suitable solidifying agents include waxy materials such ascandelilla, carnauba waxes, beeswax, spermaceti, carnauba, baysberry,montan, ozokerite, ceresin, paraffin, synthetic waxes such asFisher-Tropsch waxes, silicone waxes (e.g., DC 2503 from Dow Coming),microcrystalline waxes and the like; soaps, such as the sodium andpotassium salts of higher fatty acids, i.e., acids having from 12 to 22carbon atoms; amides of higher fatty acids; higher fatty acid amides ofalkylolamines; dibenzaldehyde-monosorbitol acetals; alkali metal andalkaline earth metal salts of the acetates, propionates and lactates;and mixtures thereof. Also useful are polymeric materials such as,locust bean gum, sodium alginate, sodium caseinate, egg albumin, gelatinagar, carrageenin gum sodium alginate, xanthan gum, quince seed extract,tragacanth gum, starch, chemically modified starches and the like,semi-synthetic polymeric materials such as cellulose ethers (e.g.hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose),polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guargum, soluble starch, cationic celluloses, cationic guars and the likeand synthetic polymeric materials such as carboxyvinyl polymers,polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol polyacrylic acid polymers,polymethacrylic acid polymers, polyvinyl acetate polymers, polyvinylchloride polymers, polyvinylidene chloride polymers and the like.Inorganic thickeners may also be used such as aluminum silicates, suchas, for example, bentonites, or a mixture of polyethylene glycol andpolyethylene glycol stearate or distearate. Naturally occurring polymersor biopolymers and their use are further described in EuropeanApplication No. 522624, to Dunphy et al. Additional examples ofnaturally occurring polymers or biopolymers can be found in the CosmeticBench Reference, pp. 1.40-1.42, herein incorporated by reference.

[0171] Hydrophobically modified celluloses are also suitable for useherein. These celluloses are described in detail in U.S. Pat. Nos.4,228,277 and 5,104,646, both of which are herein incorporated byreference in their entirety.

[0172] Additional examples of suitable gelling agents or gellants can befound in the Cosmetic Bench Reference, p. 1.27, herein incorporated byreference. Other gelling agents suitable for use herein include oleogelssuch as trihydroxystearin.

[0173] Further examples of suitable solidifying agents disclosed in thefollowing references, all of which are incorporated by reference herein:U.S. Pat. No. 4,151,272, Geary, et al., issued Apr. 24, 1979; U.S. Pat.No. 4,229,432, Geria, issued Oct. 21, 1980; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,280,994,Turney, issued Jul. 28, 1981; “The Chemistry and Technology of Waxes”,A. H. Warth, 2nd Edition, reprinted in 1960, Reinhold PublishingCorporation, pp 391-393 and 421; “The Petroleum Chemicals Industry”, R.F. Goldstein and A. L. Waddeam, 3rd Edition (1967), E & F. N. Span Ltd.,pp 33-40; “The Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetics”, M. G. DeNavarre,2nd edition ( 1970), Van Nostrand & Company, pp 354-376; and in“Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology:, Vol. 24, Kirk-Othmer, 3rd Edition(1979) pp 466-481; U.S. Pat. No. 4,126,679, Davy, et al., issued Nov.21, 1978; European Patent Specification No. 117,070, May, published Aug.29, 1984; U.S. Pat. No. 2,900,306, Slater, issued Aug. 18, 1959; U.S.Pat. No. 3,255,082, Barton, issued Jun. 7, 1966; U.S. Pat. No.4,137,306, Rubino, et al., issued Jan. 30, 1979; U.S. Pat. No.4,154,816, Roehl, et al., issued May 15, 1979; U.S. Pat. No. 4,226,889,Yuhas, issued Oct. 7, 1980; U.S. Pat. No. 4,346,079, Roehl, issued Aug.24, 1982; U.S. Pat. No. 4,383,988, Teng, et al., issued May 17, 1983;European Patent Specification No. 107,330, Luebbe, et al., published May2, 1984; European Patent Specification No. 24,365 Sampson, et al.,published Mar. 4, 1981; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 630,790,DiPietro, filed Jul. 13, 1984.

[0174] Preferably, the compositions of the present invention have ahardness value as measured using a TA-XT2i Texture Analyzer (describedbelow) of up to about 25 gram-force, more preferably from about 0.5 toabout 20 gram-force, most preferably from about I to about 15, optimallyfrom about 1 to about 10 gram-force. Without being limited by theory, itis believed that compositions having stick hardness values above 25gram-force tend to interfere with the formation of the film structureprovided by the polysiloxane elastomer, thus, preventing the smoothnessas well as improved uniformity and evenness of particle distributionwithin the film. This, in turn, negatively affects the sensory benefitsof the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer component.

[0175] Preferably the compositions of the present invention aresubstantially free of hydrophilic or water soluble gelling agents suchas the acrylic acid/ethyl acrylate copolymers and the carboxyvinylpolymers sold by the B. F. Goodrich Company under the trademark ofCarbopol Registered TM resins. By “substantially free,” as used herein,means that the concentration of hydrophilic or water soluble gellingagents is preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 5% mostpreferably less than 2% and even more preferably 0. These resins consistessentially of a colloidally water-soluble polyalkenyl polyethercrosslinked polymer of acrylic acid crosslinked with from 0.75% to 2.00%of a crosslinking agent such as polyallyl sucrose or polyallylpentaerythritol. Examples include Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol950, Carbopol 980, Carbopol 951 and Carbopol 981, Carbopol 934, CarbopolUltrez 10, Carbopol ETD2020, Carbopol 1382, Carbopol 1342 and PemulenTR-1.

[0176] Colorant

[0177] Certain embodiments of the present invention contain from about0% to about 30%, preferably from about 1% to about 20%, more preferablyfrom about 2% to about 15% and most preferably from about 5% to about15%, of a non-pigment colorant, on an anhydrous weight basis. These areusually aluminum, barium or calcium salts or lakes. Preferably, dyes arepresent at from about 0% to about 3% and pearls and the like from 0% toabout 10%.

[0178] Colorants useful herein are all inorganic and organic colorssuitable for use in cosmetic compositions.

[0179] Lakes are either a pigment that is extended or reduced with asolid diluent or an organic pigment that is prepared by theprecipitation of a water-soluble dye on an adsorptive surface, whichusually is aluminum hydrate. There is uncertainty in some instances asto whether the soluble dye precipitates on the surface of the aluminumhydrate to yield a dyed inorganic pigment or whether it merelyprecipitates in the presence of the substrate. A lake also forms fromprecipitation of an insoluble salt from an acid or basic dye. Calciumand barium lakes are also used herein.

[0180] Lakes suitable for use in the present invention include Red 3Aluminum Lake, Red 21 Aluminum Lake, Red 27 Aluminum Lake, Red 28Aluminum Lake, Red 33 Aluminum Lake, Yellow 5 Aluminum Lake, Yellow 6Aluminum Lake, Yellow 10 Aluminum Lake, Orange 5 Aluminum Lake and BlueI Aluminum Lake, Red 6 Barium Lake, Red 7 Calcium Lake.

[0181] Other colors can also be included herein, such as dyes. Suitableexamples include Red 6, Red 21, Brown, Russet and Sienna dyes andmixtures thereof.

[0182] Preservatives

[0183] Suitable traditional preservatives for compositions of thisinvention are alkyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid. Otherpreservatives that have more recently come into use include hydantoinderivatives such as 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimthylhydantoin,propionate salts, and a variety of quaternary ammonium compounds such asbenzalkonium chloride, quaternium 15 (Dowicil 200), benzethoniumChloride, and methylbenzethonium chloride. Cosmetic chemists arefamiliar with appropriate preservatives and routinely choose them tosatisfy the preservative challenge test and to provide productstability. Particularly preferred preservatives are disodium EDTA,phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea(commercially available as Germall 1157), sodium dehydroacetate andbenzyl alcohol. The preservatives should be selected having regard forthe use of the composition and possible incompatibilities between thepreservatives and other ingredients in the emulsion. Preservativespreferably are employed in amounts ranging from about 0% to about 5%,more preferably from about 0.01% to about 2.5%, and most preferably fromabout 0.01% to about 1%, by weight of the composition.

[0184] Essentially Anhydrous

[0185] Cosmetic compositions of the present invention are essentiallyanhydrous. The amount of water will be confined to range from 0 to 5%,preferably not above 4%, more preferably not above 2%, optimally notabove 0.5%, most preferably 0% by weight.

[0186] Organic Sunscreens

[0187] Compositions of the present invention preferably comprise anorganic sunscreen. Suitable sunscreens can have UVA absorbingproperties, UVB absorbing properties or a mixture thereof. The exactamount of the sunscreen active will vary depending upon the desired SunProtection Factor, i.e. the “SPF” of the composition as well as thedesired level of UVA protection. The compositions of the presentinvention preferably comprise an SPF of at least 10, preferably at least15. (SPF is a commonly used measure of photoprotection of a sunscreenagainst erythema. The SPF is defined as a ratio of the ultravioletenergy required to produce minimal erythema on protected skin to thatrequired to products the same minimal erythema on unprotected skin inthe same individual. See Federal Register, 43, No 166, pp. 38206-38269,Aug. 25, 1978). Compositions of the present invention preferablycomprise from about 2% to about 20%, more typically from about 4% toabout 14%, by weight, of organic sunscreen. Suitable sunscreens include,but are not limited to, those found in the CTFA International CosmeticIngredient Dictionary and Handbook, 7^(th) edition, volume 2 pp. 1672,edited by Wenninger and McEwen (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and FragranceAssociation, Inc., Washington, D.C., 1997).

[0188] The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise aUVA absorbing sunscreen actives that absorb UV radiation having awavelength of from about 320 nm to about 400 nm. Suitable UVA absorbingsunscreen actives are selected from dibenzoylmethane derivatives,anthranilate derivatives such as methylanthranilate and homomethyl,1-N-acetylanthranilate, and mixtures thereof. Examples ofdibenzoylmethane sunscreen actives are described in U.S. Pat. No4,387,089 issued to Depolo; and in Sunscreens: Development, Evaluation,and Regulatory Aspects edited by N. J. Lowe and N. A. Shaath, MarcelDekker, Inc (1990). The UVA absorbing sunscreen active is preferablypresent in an amount to provide broad-spectrum UVA protection eitherindependently, or in combination with, other UV protective actives thatmay be present in the composition.

[0189] Preferred UVA sunscreen actives are dibenzoylmethane sunscreenactives and their derivatives. They include, but are not limited to,those selected from 2-methyldibenzoylmethane, 4-methyldibenzoylmethane,4-isopropyldibenzoylmethane, 4-tert-butyldibenzoylmethane,2,4-dimethyldibenzoylmethane, 2, 5-dimethyldibenzoylmethane,4,4′-diisopropylbenzoylmethane,4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane,2-methyl-5-isopropyl-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane,2-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane,2,4-dimethyl-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane,2,6-dimethyl-4′-tert-butyl-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane, and mixturesthereof. Preferred dibenzoyl sunscreen actives include those selectedfrom 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane,4-isopropyldibenzoylmethane, and mixtures thereof. A more preferredsunscreen active is 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane.

[0190] The sunscreen active4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane, which is also known asbutyl methoxydibenzoylmethane or Avobenzone, is commercially availableunder the names of Parsol® 1789 from Givaudan Roure (International) S.A. (Basel, Switzerland) and Eusolex® 9020 from Merck & Co., Inc(Whitehouse Station, N.J.). The sunscreen 4-isoproplydibenzoylmethane,which is also known as isopropyldibenzoylmethane, is commerciallyavailable from Merck under the name of Eusolex®8020.

[0191] The compositions of the present invention preferably furthercomprise a UVB sunscreen active that absorbs UV radiation having awavelength of from about 290 nm to abut 320 nm. The compositionspreferably comprise an amount of the UVB sunscreen active that is safeand effective to provide UVB protection either independently, or incombination with, other UV protective actives that may be present in thecompositions. The compositions preferably comprise from about 0.1% toabut 16%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 12%, and mostpreferably from about 0.5% to about 8% by weight, of UVB absorbingorganic sunscreen.

[0192] A wide variety of UVB sunscreen actives are suitable for useherein. Nonlimiting examples of such organic sunscreen actives aredescribed in U.S. Pat. No 5,087,372 issued Feb. 11, 1992 to Haffey etal.; and U.S. Patent Nos. 5,073,371 and 5,073,372 both issued on Dec.17, 1991 to Turner et al.. Preferred UVB sunscreen actives are selectedfrom 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate (referred to asoctocrylene), 2-phenyl-benzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid (PBSA), cinnamatesand their derivatives such as 2-ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate andoctyl-p-methoxycinnamate, TEA salicylate, octyldimethyl PABA, camphorderivatives and their derivatives, and mixtures thereof. Preferredorganic sunscreen actives are 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(referred to as octocrylene), 2-phenyl-benzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid(PBSA), octyl-p-methoxycinnamate, and mixtures thereof. Salt and acidneutralised forms of the acidic sunscreens are also useful herein. Whenorganic sunscreen salts, such as PBSA, are used within compositions ofthe present invention they can disrupt the action of the thickener withthe result that the final product may have sub optimal rheology. Thiscan be countered by the addition of higher levels of thickener, fattyalcohols or nonionic surfactants such that the rheology of the finalproduct returns to the desired level.

[0193] An agent may also be added to any of the compositions useful inthe present invention to stabilise the UVA sunscreen to prevent it fromphoto-degrading on exposure to UV radiation and thereby maintaining itsUVA protection efficacy. Wide ranges of compounds have been cited asproviding these stabilising properties and should be chosen tocompliment both the UVA sunscreen and the composition as a whole.Suitable stabilising agents include, but are not limited to, thosedescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,972,316; 5,968,485; 5,935,556; 5,827,508and Patent WO 00/06110. Preferred examples of stabilising agents for usein the present invention include2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate (referred to as octocrylene),ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl-3,3-diphenylacrylate,ethyl-3,3-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) acrylate, and mixtures thereof.2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate is most preferred.

[0194] An agent may also be added to any of the compositions useful inthe present invention to improve the skin substantivity of thosecompositions, particularly to enhance their resistance to being washedoff by water, or rubbed off. A preferred agent that will provide thisbenefit is a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid. Compositionscomprising this copolymer are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,663,157,Brock, issued May 5, 1987.

[0195] Inorganic Sunscreens

[0196] In addition to the organic sunscreens compositions of the presentinvention can additionally comprise inorganic physical sunblocks.Nonlimiting examples of suitable physical sunblocks are described inCTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 6^(th) Edition, 1995,pp. 1026-28 and 1103, Sayre, R. M. et al., “Physical Sunscreens”, J.Soc. Cosmet. Chem., Vol 41, no 2, pp. 103-109 (1990). Preferredinorganic physical sunblocks are zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, andmixtures thereof.

[0197] When used, the physical sunblocks are present in an amount suchthat the present compositions are transparent on the skin (i.e.non-whitening), preferably less than or equal to about 5%. When titaniumdioxide is used, it can have an anatase, rutile, or amorphous structure.Physical sunblock particles, e.g. titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, canbe uncoated or coated with a variety of materials including but notlimited to amino acids, aluminum compounds such as alumina, aluminumstearate, aluminum laurate, and the like; carboxylic acids and theirsalts e.g. stearic acid and its salts; phospholipids such as lecithin;organic silicone compounds; inorganic silicone compounds such as silicaand silicates; and mixtures thereof. A preferred titanium dioxide iscommercially available from Tayca (Japan) and is distributed by Tri-KIndustries (Emerson, N.J.) under the MT micro-ionized series (e.g. MT100SAS).

[0198] The compositions of the present invention preferably comprisefrom about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about4%, and most preferably from about 0.5% to about 2.5%, by weight, ofinorganic sunscreen.

[0199] Aerated Compositions

[0200] Optionally and preferably, the compositions of the presentinvention are aerated. By “aerated” as used herein means the air isincorporated either by hand, mechanical mixing or by using any otherform of conventional foaming or whipping instrument technology.Preferably the compositions of the present invention contain at leastabout 1%, preferably at least about 2%, optimally from about 3 to about5% air.

[0201] Other Optional Ingredients

[0202] A variety of additional ingredients can be incorporated into thecompositions of the present invention. Nonlimiting examples of theseadditional ingredients include additional skin care actives such aspeptides (e.g., Matrixyl [pentapetide derivative]), famesol, bisabolol,phytantriol, glycerol, urea, guanidine (e.g., amino guanidine); vitaminsand derivatives thereof such ascorbic acid, vitamin A (e.g., retinoidderivatives such as retinyl palmitate or retinyl proprionate), vitamin E(e.g., tocopherol acetate), vitamin B₃ (e.g., niacinamide) and vitaminB₅ (e.g., panthenol) and the like and mixtures thereof; sunscreens;anti-acne medicaments (resorcinol, salicylic acid, and the like;antioxidants (e.g., phytosterols, lipoic acid); flavonoids (e.g.,isoflavones, phytoestrogens); skin soothing and healing agents such asaloe vera extract, allantoin and the like; chelators and sequestrants;and agents suitable for aesthetic purposes such as essential oils,fragrances, skin sensates, opacifiers, aromatic compounds (e.g., cloveoil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, and eugenol). Nonlimitingexamples of suitable carboxylic copolymers, emulsifiers, emollients, andother additional ingredients are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,681,to Ciotti et al., issued Apr. 30, 1991 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,939,082, toOblong et al., issued Aug. 17, 1999, both of which are hereinincorporated by reference. The above-mentioned vitamin B₃ compounds canbe incorporated as re-crystallized crystals that remain in crystalizedform in the composition or as partially solubilize crystals (i.e., someof the crystals are dissolved and some remain in crystalline form in thecomposition.).

ANALYTICAL TEST METHODS

[0203] Determination of Particle Size

[0204] Samples are prepared placing approximately 1 gram of thecross-linked elastomer (gel) in a small bottle with approximately 30grams of a 1:1 isopropyl alcohol: dimethicone (DC 245) solution (IPA:DC245). The 1:1 IPA: DC245 solution is passed through a 0.2 μm syringefilter to remove foreign particulates (e.g., dust). The sample is thenmixed (to disperse elastomer) using a Glass-Col Tissue Culture Rotatorset at 70% for approximately 5 days.

[0205] The samples were, next, measured using a Horiba LA-910 equippedwith a fraction cell holder and a magnetic stir bar. For a blank, aseparate sample was prepared containing only the 30 grams 1:1 IPA:DC245. Before measurement, 10 ml aliquots of the prepared samples wereplaced in a small vial and allowed to settle for 30 minutes (to separateout large agglomerates). Stirring was used during measurement and thesampling time was set at 25 sec., the data were reported on a Volumebasis using a relative refractive index of 1.06-0.00i. Samples arefurther diluted with 1:1 IPA: DC245 as necessary to achieveconcentrations within the working range for the Horiba LA-910. Moredetailed instructions can be found in the Operator's Manuel for theHoriba LA 910, herein incorporated by reference. The process isadditionally described in US Pat. No. 5,998,542 and U.S. Pat. No.5,929,162, both of which are herein incorporated by reference in theirentirety

[0206] Hardness Value Test

[0207] The term “product hardness” as used herein is a reflection of howmuch force is required to move a rod a specified distance and at acontrolled rate into a cosmetic composition under the following testconditions. Higher values represent harder product, and lower valuesrepresent softer product. These values are measured at 27° C., 15%relative humidity, using a TA-XT2i Texture Analyzer, available fromTexture Technology Corp., Scarsdale, N.Y., U.S.A. The product hardnessvalue as used herein represents the amount of force required to move a16 mm long stainless steel rod having a 0.254 mm diameter through thecomposition for a distance of 12.2 mm at a rate of 0.85 mm/second. Therod is attached to the instrument by means of a suitable adapter (e.g.,drill-type chuck). Other test parameters include: Pre-Test Speed of 0.85mm/s, Post Test Speed of 1.70 mm/s, trigger distance of 0.1 mm. Moredetailed instructions can be found in the Operator's Manuel for theTA-XT2i, herein incorporated by reference.

ASSOCIATED METHODS

[0208] Applicants have found that the compositions of the presentinvention are useful in a variety of applications directed toenhancement of mammalian skin. The methods of use for the compositionsdisclosed and claimed herein include, but are not limited to: 1) methodsof increasing the substantivity of a cosmetic to skin; 2) methods ofmoisturizing skin; 3) methods of improving the natural appearance ofskin; 4) methods of applying a color cosmetic to skin; 5) methods ofpreventing, retarding, and/or treating wrinkles; 6) methods of providingUV protection to skin; 7) methods of preventing, retarding, and/orcontrolling the appearance of oil; 8) methods of modifying the feel andtexture of skin; 9) methods of providing even skin tone; 10) methods ofpreventing, retarding, and/or treating the appear of spider vessels andvaricose veins; 11) methods of masking the appearance of vellus hair onskin; and 12) methods of concealing blemishes and/or imperfections inhuman skin, including acne, age spots, freckles, moles, scars, under eyecircles, birth marks, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, etc.. Each ofthe methods discussed herein involve topical application of the claimedcompositions to skin.

[0209] The following examples will more fully illustrate the embodimentsof this invention. All parts, percentages and proportions referred toherein and in the appended claims are by weight unless otherwiseindicated.

EXAMPLES

[0210] The cosmetic products in the following examples illustratespecific embodiments of the cosmetic compositions of the presentinvention, but are not intended to be limiting thereof. The skilledartisan can undertake other modifications without departing from thespirit and scope of this invention. All exemplified compositions can beprepared by conventional formulation and mixing techniques. Componentamounts are listed as weight percents and may exclude minor materialssuch as diluents, filler, and so forth. The listed formulations,therefore, comprise the listed components and any minor materialsassociated with such components.

Example I

[0211] A foundation compact of the present invention comprisingcross-linked siloxane elastomer is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt %TiO2 silicone treated (SAT treated Tronox CR 837 5.25 supplied USCosmetics) Pigment 1.23 Talc (silicone treated) (Hydrophobic Talc 97422.36 supplied by Warner Jenkinson) TiO2-MT100T (micronized TiO2 suppliedby Tri-K) 0.16 DC245 (cyclomethicone) 29.26 DC5225C (dimethiconecopolyol - 10% active in 0.31 cyclomethicone) GE SFE 839 Cross-linkedSiloxane Elastomer 48 Gel¹ propylparaben (preservative) 0.10 Glycerine7.08 Ozokerite Wax 6.25 Total 100.00

[0212] In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, thepigments, TiO₂ (micronized and silicone treated), hydrophobic talc, GESFE 839, cyclomethicone (DC245) and dimethicone copolyol (DC5225C) aremixed until homogeneous and then milled using a Silverson L4RT mixer at9000 rpms to the desired particle size. Next, the propylparaben andglycerine are added to the above mixture and mixed until homogenous. Themixture is then heated to a temperature of between 85-90° C., at whichtime the ozokerite wax is added (melted into the mixture) with mixinguntil the mixture homogenous. The mixture is then poured into a mold andallowed to cool at room temperature. Once cooled, the mixtureincorporated into the appropriate package.

[0213] The foundation compact is applied to the face to provide color,moisturization and improved feel.

Example II

[0214] A mousse foundation of the present invention comprisingcross-linked siloxane elastomer is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt %TiO2 silicone treated (SAT treated Tronox CR 840 supplied 8.45 USCosmetics) Pigment 2.00 Talc-Silicone Treated 3.84 TiO2-MT100T(micronized) 0.26 DC245 (cyclomethicone) 7.65 DC5225C (DimethiconeCopolyol) 0.50 GE SFE 839 Cross-linked Siloxane Elastomer Gel¹ 77.2propylparaben (preservative) 0.10 TOTAL 100.00

[0215] In a suitable vessel, the pigments, TiO₂ (micronized and siliconetreated), hydrophobic talc, GE SFE 839, cyclomethicone (DC245) anddimethicone copolyol (DC5225C) are mixed until homogeneous and, then,milled using a Silverson L4RT mixer at 9000 rpms to the desired particlesize. Next, the propylparaben are added to the above mixture and mixeduntil homogenous. The mixture is, then, incorporated into theappropriate package.

[0216] The foundation compact is applied to the face to provide color,moisturization and improved feel.

Example III

[0217] A lip gel of the present invention comprising cross-linkedsiloxane elastomer is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt % GE SFE 839Cross-linked Siloxane Elastomer Gel¹ 80.0 Abil WE-09² 1.0 Cyclomethicone(DC245 fluid) 5.8 Dimethicone Fluid (DC200 fluid) 50 cst 4.5 Pigment 8.5Preservative 0.2 TOTAL 100.0

[0218] In a suitable vessel, the pigment and Abil WE-09 are added andmilled to desired particle size using conventional milling technology.Next, the GE SFE 839, cyclomethicone, dimethicone fluid and preservativeare added and the mixture is mixed until homogeneous using conventionalmixing technology. The mixture is, then, incorporated into theappropriate package.

[0219] The lip gel is applied to the lips to provide color,moisturization and improved feel.

Example IV

[0220] A lip balm of the present invention comprising cross-linkedsiloxane elastomer is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt % StearylDimethicone (DC 2503 wax) 10.0 Glycerine 10.0 DC 9040 Cross-linkedSiloxane Elastomer Gel¹ 26.15 Cyclomethicone (DC-245) 41.55 Dimethiconecopolyol (DC-5225C) 5.0 Preservative 0.3 Ozokerite wax 7.0 TOTAL 100.0

[0221] In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, the stearyldimethicone, glycerine, GE SFE 839, cyclomethicone, dimethiconecopolyol, and preservative are added and mixed using a Caframo RZR50mixer at 100 to 300 rpms until homogeneous. The mixture is then heatedto a temperature of between 85-90° C., at which time the ozokerite waxis added (melted into the mixture) with mixing until the mixturehomogenous. The mixture is then poured into a mold and allowed to coolat room temperature. The mixture is cooled to ambient temperature andincorporated into the appropriate package.

[0222] The lip balm is applied to the lips to provide moisturization andimproved feel.

Example V

[0223] A transfer resistant lipstick of the present invention comprisingcross-linked siloxane elastomer is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt %GE SFE 839 Cross-linked Siloxane 35.7 Elastomer gel¹ DiisopropylDimerate 17.000 Synthetic Wax (6657 Type) 11.000 Isododecane 8.900Silicone Fluid (244 Type) 6.500 Pearl, Pearl-Glo UVR 5.000 Paraffin Wax5.000 Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate 3.000 Ozokerite (SP-1026 Type) 3.000Titanium Dioxide 328 1.800 Mixed Tocopherols 0.200 Color 2.800Propylparaben, NF 0.100 Total 100.000

[0224] In a suitable vessel, the pigments and the diisopropyl dimerateare added with stirring until homogeneous. The mixture is then milledusing conventional milling technology until a pigment slurry of desiredpigment particle size is obtained.

[0225] In a separate vessel equipped with a heating source and a coveror lid for sealing the vessel, the pigment slurry, the synthetic wax(6657 Type), silicone fluid (244 Type), pearl, Pearl-Glo UVR, paraffinwax, polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, ozokerite (SP- 1026 Type), titaniumdioxide 328, mixed tocopherols, color, and propylparaben is added andheated with mixing to a melt temperature of between 90-115° C. Thevessel is sealed and the mixture is heated and mixed using conventionalmixing technology until all waxes are melted and the mixture ishomogenous. Next the elastomer gel and isododecane are added into themelted wax/oil/pigment mixture with mixing. The vessel is then re-sealedand heated to return the mixture to the full melt temperature. Once melttemperature is reached the mixture is mixed until homogenous. Themixture is then poured into a mold and allowed to cool at roomtemperature. Once cooled, the mixture incorporated into the appropriatepackage.

[0226] The transfer resistant lipstick is applied to the lips to providecolor, moisturization and improved skin feel.

Example VI

[0227] An eyeliner of the present invention comprising cross-linkedsiloxane elastomer is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt % GE SFE 839Cross-linked Siloxane 42.60 Elastomer gel¹ Abil WE-09 1.0 Paraffin 17.10PEG-6 Beeswax 7.70 Diisostearyl Dimer Dilinoleate 5.60 MICA 5.20Hydrogenated Caster Oil 4.30 Pigments 11.95 Ozokerite 3.40 Ceresin 0.84Propylparaben 0.12 Methylparaben 0.12 BHT 0.05 Total 100.00

[0228] In a suitable vessel equipped with a heat source and a cover orlid for sealing the vessel, the paraffin, PEG-6 beeswax, diisostearyldimer dilinoleate, hydrogenated caster oil, ozokerite, ceresin,propylparaben, methylparaben, and BHT are added and heated with mixingto a melt temperature of between 85-90° C. The vessel is sealed and themixture is heated and mixed using conventional mixing technology untilall waxes are melted and the mixture is homogenous. While maintainingthe temperature, the pigments and Abil WE-09 are added with mixing untilhomogenous. The mixture is then milled using conventional millingtechnology until a pigment slurry (or oil/pigment mixture) of desiredpigment particle size is obtained. Next the elastomer gel and mica areadded into the melted wax/oil/pigment mixture with mixing. The vessel isthen re-sealed and heated to return the mixture to the full melttemperature. Once melt temperature is reached the mixture is mixed untilhomogenous. The mixture is then poured into a mold and allowed to coolat room temperature. Once cooled, the mixture incorporated into theappropriate package.

[0229] The eyeliner is applied to the appropriate area around the eye toprovide definition, color, moisturization and improved feel.

Example VII

[0230] A long wearing eye shadow of the present invention comprisingcross-linked siloxane elastomer is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt %Pearl Mica CF 4.41 Glycerol Ester of Tall Oil Rosin 3.00 GE SFE 839Cross-linked Siloxane 44.6 Elastomer gel¹ Polyethylene AC-617A 9.14Beeswax White, Flakes 3.00 Propylparaben, NF 0.10 Tenox BHA 0.20Phenoxyethanol 0.80 Talc 2755 3.00 Magnesium Carbonate 309 2.00 GlycerylTribehenate 3.42 Paraffin Wax 2.57 Silicone (SF-96-350 Type) 1.30Vanillin 0.01 Lecithin, Liquid 0.54 Aluminum Starch Octenyl Succinate5.00 Pigment 16.68 Total 100.00

[0231] In a suitable vessel equipped with a heat source, the pearl micaCF, glycerol ester of tall oil rosin, GE SFE 839, polyethylene AC-617A,beeswax white flakes, propylparaben, Tenox BHA, phenoxyethanol, glyceryltribehenate, paraffin wax, silicone oil, vanillin, lecithin, andaluminum starch octenyl succinate are added and heated with mixing usinga Premier Mill Corp. Model 50 laboratory dispersator (Bench Scale Unitwith simplex head) at between 10,000 to 16,000 rpms until a melttemperature of between 85-90° C. is reached. While maintaining the heat,the mixture is mixed at a between 300 to 1,000 rpms until all waxes androsin are melted and the mixture is homogenous. Still maintaining theheat, the pigments, talc and magnesium carbonate are added with mixingat a shear rate of between 10,000 to 16,000 rpms until homogeneous. Themixture is then poured into a mold and allowed to cool at roomtemperature. Once cooled, the mixture incorporated into the appropriatepackage.

[0232] The eye shadow is applied to the appropriate area around the eyeto provide color, moisturization and improved feel.

Example VIII

[0233] A line-minimizing product that improves the appearance of skintexture is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt% DC9040 cross linked 70.00elastomer gel¹ Cyclomethicone (DC245) 18.50 Ethylene acrylates 5.00copolymer (EA209) Sucrose ester cottonate 5.00 (SEFA) Alkyl methicone(DC 1.50 AMS C30 wax) Total 100.00

[0234] In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, the AMS waxand the SEFA are added and heated to 75 deg C. with gentle mixing. In aseparate vessel, the EA209 particles and the DC245 (cyclomethicone) areadded and mixed with gentle mixing to form an EA209/DC245 pre-mix. Oncethe wax/SEFA mixture is fully molten, the elastomer is added to thismixture with mixing until homogeneous. The wax/SEFA/elastomer mixture ismixed using a Heidolph (Model # RZR50) overhead stirrer, or equivalent,on low speed (about 50-100 rpms) whilst cooling the mixture to roomtemperature. Once at room temperature, the EA209/DC245 pre-mix and thewax/SEFA mixture are combined and milled using a Turrax T25 on about8000 rpm until homogeneous. The resultant composition is thenincorporate into an appropriate package.

[0235] The make-up is applied to provide improved texture and good feel.

Example IX

[0236] A line-minimizing product that improves the appearance of skintexture is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt % DC9040 cross linked70.00 elastomer gel¹ Cyclomethicone (DC245) 18.50 Silica, titaniumdioxide, 5.00 iron oxide (Ronasphere LDP) Isoeicosane (Permethyl 5.00102A) Alkyl methicone (DC AMS 1.50 C30 wax) Total 100.00

[0237] In a suitable vessel equipped with a heat source, the AMS wax andthe Permethyl are added and heated to 75 deg C. with gentle mixing. In aseparate vessel, the Ronasphere particles and the DC245 (cyclomethicone)are added and mixed with gentle mixing to form a Ronasphere/DC245pre-mix. Once the wax/Permethyl mixture is fully molten, the elastomeris added to this mixture with mixing until homogeneous. Thewax/Permethyl/elastomer mixture is mixed using a Heidolph (Model #RZR50) overhead stirrer, or equivalent, on low speed (about 50-100 rpms)whilst cooling the mixture to room temperature. Once at roomtemperature, the Ronasphere/DC245 pre-mix and wax/Permethyl/elastomermixture are combined and milled using a Turrax T25 on about 800 rpmuntil homogeneous. The resultant composition is then incorporate into anappropriate package.

[0238] The make-up is applied to provide improved texture, feel and alow level of color.

Example X

[0239] A line minimizing make-up that improves skin color and theappearance of texture is prepared as follows: Ingredient Wt % DC9040cross linked 70.00 elastomer gel¹ Cyclomethicone (DC245) 18.50 Silica,titanium dioxide, iron 5.00 oxide (Ronasphere LDP) Isoeicosane(Permethyl 5.00 102A) Alkyl methicone (DC AMS 1.50 C30 wax) Ironoxides - silicone coated 2.00 Titanium dioxide - silicone 2.00 coatedTotal 100.00

[0240] In a suitable vessel equipped with a heat source, the AMS wax andthe Permethyl are added and heated to 75 deg C. with gentle mixing. In aseparate vessel, the Ronasphere, iron titanium dioxides andcyclomethicone (DC245) are added with gentle mixing to form aRonasphere/iron oxides/titanium dioxide/DC245 pre-mix. Once the wax/Permethyl mixture is fully molten, the elastomer is added to thismixture with mixing until homogeneous. The wax/Permethyl/elastomermixture is mixed using a Heidolph (Model # RZR50) overhead stirrer, orequivalent, on low speed (about 50-100 rpms) whilst cooling the mixtureto room temperature. Once at room temperature, the Ronasphere/ironoxides/titanium dioxide/DC245 pre-mix and the wax/Permethyl mixture arecombined and milled using a Turrax T25 on about 800 rpm untilhomogeneous. The resultant composition is then incorporated into anappropriate package.

[0241] The make-up is applied to provide improved texture, feel and alow level of color.

Examples XI-XIX

[0242] A makeup product is made that is suitable for application to theface to reduce the appearance of oily shine. XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVIIXVIII XIX Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Ingredient DC9040Silicone 0.00 30.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 ElastomerGel Cyclopentasiloxane 16.03 23.25 19.53 42.75 36.00 21.03 17.75 10.039.75 Isoeicosane 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00Dimethicone Copolyol 0.50 1.00 — — 0.75 1.50 2.00 4.00 8.00 Vitamin EAcetate 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 ParticulatesEthylene & Acrylic 10.00 10.00 10.00 5.00 5.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00Acid Copolymer microspheres (EA209) Silica and Titanium 2.00 — — 5.002.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Dioxide and Iron Oxides (Ronasphere LDP) Silica3.00 3.00 2.00 — — — — — — Magnesium Aluminum — 2.00 — — — — — — —Silicate Allyl methacrylates 3.00 3.00 — 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 copolymerAcrylates copolymer 1.00 — — 2.00 — 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Nylon 12 5.001.00 — 2.00 — — — — Aluminum Starch 1.00 2.00 — — — 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00Succinate Treated powders* 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00Film-forming agents Polysilicone 7 17.00 — 17.00 — — — — — — PressureSensitive — — — — 3.00 — — — — Adhesive Silicone Resin — — — — — — 5.005.00 5.00 Solidifying agents Ozokerite 2.00 2.00 — — — — — — — StearylDimethicone — — — 2.00 — — — — — Humectants & skin- conditioning agentsGlycerin 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00Niacinamide 2.00 3.50 5.00 — 2.00 3.50 5.00 5.00 5.00 Panthenol 0.501.00 0.50 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Preservatives Disodium EDTA 0.100.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Methyl Paraben 0.10 0.10 0.100.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Benzyl Alcohol 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.250.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Propyl Paraben 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.100.10 0.10 Ethyl Paraben 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20Sunscreens Butyl 2.00 — 2.00 — — 2.00 — 2.00 — Methoxy- dibenzoylmethaneOctyl Salicylate 0.50 — 0.50 — — 0.50 — 0.50 — Octocrylene 1.00 — 1.00 —— 1.00 — 1.00 — Phenylbenzimidazole 0.60 — 0.60 — — 0.60 — 0.60 —Sulphonic Acid Triethanolamine 0.62 — 0.62 — — 0.62 — 0.62 — Total100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

[0243] In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, mix theDC9040, cyclomethicone (DC245), dimethicone copolyol, Isoeicosane,vitamin E acetate and film formers until homogeneous. Next, add thepreservatives and glycerine and skin conditioning agents to the abovemixture and mix until homogenous. Heat the mixture to a temperature ofbetween 85-90° C., at which time the solidifying agent (if used) shouldbe added (melted into the mixture) with mixing until the mixture ishomogenous. Add the particulate materials to the mixture and mix untilhomogeneous. Add the sunscreen materials if used and mix untilhomogeneous. Cool the mixture to room temperature. Once cooled,incorporate the mixture into the appropriate package.

Examples XX-XXVIII

[0244] A makeup product is made that is suitable for application to theface to reduce the appearance of oily shine. XX XXI XXII XXIII XXIV XXVXXVI XXVII XXVIII Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt %Ingredient DC9040 Silicone 0.00 30.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 30.00 30.0030.00 30.00 Elastomer Gel Cyclopentasiloxane 15.36 22.58 18.86 42.0832.33 21.86 19.08 13.36 17.08 Isoeicosane 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.005.00 5.00 5.00 Dimethicone 0.50 1.00 — — 0.75 Copolyol (Abil EM 90)Vitamin E Acetate 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Particulates Silica and Titanium 2.00 — — 0.00 0.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00Dioxide and Iron Oxides (Ronasphere LDP) Silica 3.00 3.00 2.00 — — — — —— Magnesium — 2.00 — — — — — — — Aluminum Silicate Allyl methacrylates3.00 3.00 — 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 copolymer Acrylates copolymer 1.00 — —2.00 — 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Nylon 12 5.00 1.00 — 2.00 — — — — AluminumStarch 1.00 2.00 — — — 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 Succinate Titanium Dioxide8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 Yellow Iron Oxide 2.41 2.412.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 Red Iron Oxide 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.890.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 Black Iron Oxide 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.120.12 0.12 0.12 Film-forming agents Polysilicone 7 17.00 — 17.00 — — — —— — Pressure Sensitive — — — — 3.00 — — — — Adhesive Silicone Resin — —— — — — 5.00 5.00 5.00 Solidifying agents Ozokerite 2.00 2.00 — 2.00 — —— — — Humectants & skin- conditioning agents Glycerin 10.00 10.00 10.0010.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 Niacinamide 2.00 3.50 5.00 — 2.003.50 5.00 5.00 5.00 Panthenol 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.001.00 Preservatives Disodium EDTA 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.100.10 Methyl Paraben 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 BenzylAlcohol 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Propyl Paraben 0.100.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Ethyl Paraben 0.20 0.20 0.200.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Sunscreens Butyl 2.00 — 2.00 — — 2.00 —2.00 — Methoxy- dibenzoylmethane Octyl Salicylate 0.50 — 0.50 — — 0.50 —0.50 — Octocrylene 1.00 — 1.00 — — 1.00 — 1.00 — Phenylbenzimidazole0.60 — 0.60 — — 0.60 — 0.60 — Sulphonic Acid Triethanolamine 0.62 — 0.62— — 0.62 — 0.62 — Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00100.00 100.00

[0245] In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, mix theDC9040, cyclomethicone (DC245), dimethicone copolyol, Isoeicosane,vitamin E acetate and film forming agents until homogeneous. Next, addthe preservatives, glycerine and skin conditioning agents to the abovemixture and mix until homogenous. Heat the mixture to a temperature ofbetween 85-90° C., at which time add the solidifying agent (if used) andmix until the mixture homogenous. Add the particulate materials to themixture and mix until homogeneous. Add the sunscreen materials if usedand mix until homogeneous. Cool the mixture to room temperature. Oncecooled, incorporate the mixture into the appropriate package.

What is claimed is:
 1. An anhydrous cosmetic composition comprising: (i)at least one fatty or oil phase comprising: (a.) from about 0.1 to about10% of non-spherical crosslinked siloxane elastomer having a particlesize of from above 10 to about 200 microns wherein the crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer is capable of swelling and absorbing greater than 30%by weight of a solvent fluid; (b.) from about 10 to about 80% of asolvent for the crosslinked siloxane elastomer, wherein the solventforms a gel with the crosslinked siloxane elastomer having yield pointof at least 50 Pa; (ii) from about
 0. 1% to about 10% of an emulsifier;(iii) from about 0.1% to about 50% of a humectant (iv) optionally, from0 to about 50% of skin conditioning agent; (v) from about 0.1% to about30% pigment; and (vi) from 0 to about 5% water wherein the compositionhas a yield point of from about 100 to about 4000 Pa. and wherein theoil or fatty phase of the composition contains less than 10% by weightsolid materials and further wherein the gel formed by the solvent andcrosslinked siloxane elastomer provides an even, uniform distribution ofthe pigments in the film and, prior to film drying, the pigments areembedded in the film such that substantially no pigment resides on orprotrudes through the surface of the film.
 2. An anhydrous cosmeticcomposition according to claim 1 wherein the crosslinked siloxaneelastomer is non-emulsifying.
 3. An anhydrous cosmetic compositionaccording to claim 1 wherein the skin conditioning agent is selectedfrom the group consisting of exfoliants, emollients and mixturesthereof.
 4. An anhydrous cosmetic composition according to claim 1wherein the humectant is selected from the group consisting of propyleneglycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol,sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, glycerin,1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerin,propoxylated glycerin and mixtures thereof.
 5. An anhydrous cosmeticcomposition according to claim 1 that further comprises an emulsifier.6. An anhydrous cosmetic composition according to claim 5 wherein theemulsifier is a polyoxyalkylene copolymer.
 7. An anhydrous cosmeticcomposition according to claim 6 wherein the polyoxyalkylene copolymeris dimethicone copolyol.
 8. An anhydrous cosmetic composition accordingto claim 1 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting oftalc, mica, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate,aluminum magnesium silicate, silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, rediron oxide, yellow iron oxide, black iron oxide, ultramarine, nylonpowder, polyethylene powder, methacrylate powder, polystyrene powder,silk powder, crystalline cellulose, starch, titanated mica, iron oxidetitanated mica, bismuth oxychloride, pearl, pearl mica, interferencepigments and mixtures thereof.
 9. An anhydrous cosmetic compositionaccording to claim 1 that further comprises a preservative.
 10. Ananhydrous cosmetic composition according to claim 9 wherein thepreservative is selected from the group consisting of disodium EDTA,phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea,sodium dehydroacetate, para-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydantoin derivatives,propionate salts, quaternary ammonium compounds, benzyl alcohol andmixtures thereof.
 11. An anhydrous cosmetic composition according toclaim 1 that further comprises fillers.
 12. An anhydrous cosmeticcomposition according to claim 1 in the form of a foundation, mascara,concealer, eyeliner, brow color, eye shadow, blusher, lip paint orlipstick.
 13. An anhydrous cosmetic composition comprising: (i) at leastone fatty or oil phase comprising: (a.) from about 0.1 to about 10% ofnon-spherical crosslinked siloxane having a particle size of from above10 to about 200 microns wherein the crosslinked siloxane elastomer iscapable of swelling and absorbing greater than 30% by weight of asolvent fluid; (b.) from about 10 to about 80% of a solvent for thecrosslinked siloxane elastomer, wherein the solvent forms a gel with thecrosslinked siloxane elastomer having yield point of at least 50 Pa;(ii) from about
 0. 1% to about 10% of an emulsifier; (iii) optionally,from 0 to about 50% of skin conditioning agent; (iv) from about 0.01% toabout 30% of organic spherical particles having a particle size ofgreater than 10 microns; (v) from about 0.1% to about 30% pigment; and(vi) from 0 to about 5% water wherein the composition has a yield pointof from about 100 to about 4000 Pa. and wherein the gel formed by thesolvent and crosslinked siloxane elastomer provides an even, uniformdistribution of the pigments in the film and, prior to film drying, thepigments are embedded in the film such that substantially no pigmentresides on or protrudes through the surface of the film.
 14. Ananhydrous composition, comprising: (i) at least one fatty or oil phasecomprising: (a.) from about 0.1 to about 10% of non-sphericalcrosslinked siloxane having a viscosity of from above 20,000 to about6,000,000 cps wherein the crosslinked siloxane elastomer is capable ofswelling and absorbing greater than 30% by weight of a solvent fluid;(b.) from about 10 to about 80% of a solvent for the crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer, wherein the solvent forms a gel with the crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer having yield point of at least 50 Pa; (ii) from about0.1% to about 10% of an emulsifier; (iii) optionally, from 0 to about50% of skin conditioning agent; (iv) from about 0.1% to about 30%pigment; and (v) from 0 to about 5% water wherein the composition has ayield point of from about 100 to about 4000 Pa. and wherein the oil orfatty phase of the composition contains less than 10% by weight solidmaterials and further wherein the gel formed by the solvent andcrosslinked siloxane elastomer provides an even, uniform distribution ofthe pigments in the film and, prior to film drying, the pigments areembedded in the film such that substantially no pigment resides on orprotrudes through the surface of the film.
 15. A cosmetic compositionaccording to claim I wherein said composition further comprises anactive selected from the group consisting of a sunscreen active, a filmforming agent, a shine control agent, and combinations thereof.